Lab

This time, you get to try things for yourself.

Borrow Snip's scissors to cut up code. Then visit Twig's bench and see if you can repair an expression that won't fit together.

After each experiment, you can compare your work with a real record from the Topaz compiler.

In the Inside Story Microscope, you can read the records from the stories exactly as they were written.

Inside Story Microscope

Open the records from the stories exactly as the compiler wrote them.

`1 + 2` token record `tokens.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

The lines appear in the order Topaz wrote them in the file.

{"kind":"integer","ordinal":0,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"1","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"plus","ordinal":1,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":3,"lo":2,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"+","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":2,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"2","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"newline","ordinal":3,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":6,"lo":5,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"\n","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"eof","ordinal":4,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":6,"lo":6,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":0,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"1","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"plus","ordinal":1,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":3,"lo":2,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"+","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":2,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"2","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"eof","ordinal":3,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":6,"lo":6,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}

tokens.jsonl 2841 bytes sha256:97356c5c773c4714a3cc87d90cd6cf7f77729855cac2c7543b5448f0db4d38fd

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w1/main.tpz --out-dir out/w1 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807

Observation details

Input name: w1
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.tokens/v1

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	2311 bytes	`sha256:fe5b13011321da001156cfc25727a6180e740167bcc94195388aa4ffc891d929`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	3332 bytes	`sha256:26968c7c119ad38d2e26b93fb70e69fb4f311aff8c5da0aad43c70ea3de16d23`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1155 bytes	`sha256:2860e9c21cf1c0a8aa86c80c7013c621df29fd8c41d45624fff4acdbd95ad382`
`resolved.jsonl`	747 bytes	`sha256:9828e89b129b3be509a9465698d6caa813bd801b415170224292278563b7d41b`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:72e3e8708917a0f897f4466d0a7872da3178a16a6c93c721f2876cd84defa5b4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	7722 bytes	`sha256:51ca84a2cd85b1520fc1a734b0c9ab7edb987736086028c69abd019f0cdb63b3`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:c3cbfad3539faadabac5d7f6128e36d75d4668c9c10117f245caaeb848249b6a`
`source-set.jsonl`	935 bytes	`sha256:02ed379005b32ab40416fff78b46ccdbe54e891e1795c75253299e04472eaac5`
`sources/000000.tpz`	6 bytes	`sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807`
`tokens.jsonl`	2841 bytes	`sha256:97356c5c773c4714a3cc87d90cd6cf7f77729855cac2c7543b5448f0db4d38fd`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2304 bytes	`sha256:245f50ad3bbf0197a8e2a92838c007a78303057e316a6016cab110a40b04ae84`
`typed.jsonl`	1238 bytes	`sha256:e57b1d4e30111eef8639b7cf460c35280dd91ddebf4c6bae3bc671d9c3f3fb7e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:bfeb4b4d1e491242f6c8606ff62e42298ea0d13f7df451d3f6707ddbdb12a506

`1 + 2` tree record `ast.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

The lines appear in the order Topaz wrote them in the file.

{"field":"root","index":0,"kind":"program","nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000000","parentNodeId":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":6,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":""}
{"field":"items","index":0,"kind":"statement/expression","nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000001","parentNodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000000","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":5,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":""}
{"field":"value","index":0,"kind":"expression/binary","nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000002","operator":"add","parentNodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000001","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":5,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":""}
{"field":"left","index":0,"kind":"expression/integer","nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000003","parentNodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000002","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"1","valueDecimal":"1"}
{"field":"right","index":0,"kind":"expression/integer","nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000004","parentNodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000002","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"spelling":"2","valueDecimal":"2"}

ast.jsonl 2311 bytes sha256:fe5b13011321da001156cfc25727a6180e740167bcc94195388aa4ffc891d929

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w1/main.tpz --out-dir out/w1 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807

Observation details

Input name: w1
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.ast/v1

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	2311 bytes	`sha256:fe5b13011321da001156cfc25727a6180e740167bcc94195388aa4ffc891d929`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	3332 bytes	`sha256:26968c7c119ad38d2e26b93fb70e69fb4f311aff8c5da0aad43c70ea3de16d23`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1155 bytes	`sha256:2860e9c21cf1c0a8aa86c80c7013c621df29fd8c41d45624fff4acdbd95ad382`
`resolved.jsonl`	747 bytes	`sha256:9828e89b129b3be509a9465698d6caa813bd801b415170224292278563b7d41b`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:72e3e8708917a0f897f4466d0a7872da3178a16a6c93c721f2876cd84defa5b4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	7722 bytes	`sha256:51ca84a2cd85b1520fc1a734b0c9ab7edb987736086028c69abd019f0cdb63b3`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:c3cbfad3539faadabac5d7f6128e36d75d4668c9c10117f245caaeb848249b6a`
`source-set.jsonl`	935 bytes	`sha256:02ed379005b32ab40416fff78b46ccdbe54e891e1795c75253299e04472eaac5`
`sources/000000.tpz`	6 bytes	`sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807`
`tokens.jsonl`	2841 bytes	`sha256:97356c5c773c4714a3cc87d90cd6cf7f77729855cac2c7543b5448f0db4d38fd`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2304 bytes	`sha256:245f50ad3bbf0197a8e2a92838c007a78303057e316a6016cab110a40b04ae84`
`typed.jsonl`	1238 bytes	`sha256:e57b1d4e30111eef8639b7cf460c35280dd91ddebf4c6bae3bc671d9c3f3fb7e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:bfeb4b4d1e491242f6c8606ff62e42298ea0d13f7df451d3f6707ddbdb12a506

`1 + 2` type record `typed.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

The lines appear in the order Topaz wrote them in the file.

{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000003","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"type":{"kind":"literal","name":"int","value":"1"}}
{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000001","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":5,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"type":{"kind":"primitive","name":"int"}}
{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf#n00000004","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf","span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"},"type":{"kind":"literal","name":"int","value":"2"}}

typed.jsonl 1238 bytes sha256:e57b1d4e30111eef8639b7cf460c35280dd91ddebf4c6bae3bc671d9c3f3fb7e

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w1/main.tpz --out-dir out/w1 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807

Observation details

Input name: w1
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.typed/v1

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	2311 bytes	`sha256:fe5b13011321da001156cfc25727a6180e740167bcc94195388aa4ffc891d929`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	3332 bytes	`sha256:26968c7c119ad38d2e26b93fb70e69fb4f311aff8c5da0aad43c70ea3de16d23`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1155 bytes	`sha256:2860e9c21cf1c0a8aa86c80c7013c621df29fd8c41d45624fff4acdbd95ad382`
`resolved.jsonl`	747 bytes	`sha256:9828e89b129b3be509a9465698d6caa813bd801b415170224292278563b7d41b`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:72e3e8708917a0f897f4466d0a7872da3178a16a6c93c721f2876cd84defa5b4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	7722 bytes	`sha256:51ca84a2cd85b1520fc1a734b0c9ab7edb987736086028c69abd019f0cdb63b3`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:c3cbfad3539faadabac5d7f6128e36d75d4668c9c10117f245caaeb848249b6a`
`source-set.jsonl`	935 bytes	`sha256:02ed379005b32ab40416fff78b46ccdbe54e891e1795c75253299e04472eaac5`
`sources/000000.tpz`	6 bytes	`sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807`
`tokens.jsonl`	2841 bytes	`sha256:97356c5c773c4714a3cc87d90cd6cf7f77729855cac2c7543b5448f0db4d38fd`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2304 bytes	`sha256:245f50ad3bbf0197a8e2a92838c007a78303057e316a6016cab110a40b04ae84`
`typed.jsonl`	1238 bytes	`sha256:e57b1d4e30111eef8639b7cf460c35280dd91ddebf4c6bae3bc671d9c3f3fb7e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:bfeb4b4d1e491242f6c8606ff62e42298ea0d13f7df451d3f6707ddbdb12a506

`1 + 2` operation record `lowered.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

These 8 lines appear in file order. 5 describe operations. The other 3 describe the module, a runtime part it needs and the runtime template.

{"entry":true,"extern":false,"identity":"main","initializationOrdinal":0,"operationIds":["op:main:0:0:6:ModuleInitialization:module","op:main:0:0:5:Statement:expression-statement","op:main:0:0:5:Expression:binary","op:main:0:0:1:Expression:integer","op:main:0:4:5:Expression:integer"],"path":"inputs/w1/main.tpz","rowKind":"module","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"}The module
{"deterministic":true,"identity":"binary","rowKind":"runtime-leaf","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1"}A runtime part it needs
{"identity":"stage1-ir-table/v1","rowKind":"runtime-template","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","sha256":"sha256:79b4af8e5544a04eb021fe093dda38ed15b655e8dc56faef151807a8cb925d74"}The runtime template
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":null,"kind":"module","module":"main","operands":["op:main:0:0:5:Statement:expression-statement"],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:6:ModuleInitialization:module","parentOperationId":null,"representation":null,"role":"module-initialization","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":6,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"}}Operation 1 · Getting the program ready
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":null,"expressionKind":"block"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":["op:main:0:0:5:Expression:binary"],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:5:Statement:expression-statement","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:6:ModuleInitialization:module","representation":"i64","role":"statement","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"}}Operation 2 · The statement holding the expression
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"add","expressionKind":"binary"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":["op:main:0:0:1:Expression:integer","op:main:0:4:5:Expression:integer"],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:5:Expression:binary","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:5:Statement:expression-statement","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":"binary","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"}}Operation 3 · An operation on two values
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"1","expressionKind":"integer"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":[],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:1:Expression:integer","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:5:Expression:binary","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"}}Operation 4 · A whole number
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"2","expressionKind":"integer"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":[],"operationId":"op:main:0:4:5:Expression:integer","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:5:Expression:binary","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:b0bf3d44f5dfbd643a64c8c7f820dff43e2af8c25d85ec0045202129687b06cf"}}Operation 5 · A whole number

Episode 4's cards follow the order Topaz wrote the operations to the file.

The + itself takes up cell 3 of the source. The addition operation covers the whole expression, cells 1 to 5.

The statement and addition operations cover the same source range. The statement points to the addition, and the addition points to the two integer operations.

The type record gives 1, 2 and the expression 1 + 2 the type int. Those three operations have i64 in representation. That means a signed 64-bit integer representation. The outermost operation, module initialization, has no representation value.

The outermost operation, module initialization, covers the line feed (LF) at the end of the line too.

lowered.jsonl 3332 bytes sha256:26968c7c119ad38d2e26b93fb70e69fb4f311aff8c5da0aad43c70ea3de16d23

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w1/main.tpz --out-dir out/w1 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807

Observation details

Input name: w1
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.lowered/v1
Runtime template: stage1-ir-table/v1
IR schema: topaz.compiler.stage1-ir/v5 compiler.irSchema

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	2311 bytes	`sha256:fe5b13011321da001156cfc25727a6180e740167bcc94195388aa4ffc891d929`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	3332 bytes	`sha256:26968c7c119ad38d2e26b93fb70e69fb4f311aff8c5da0aad43c70ea3de16d23`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1155 bytes	`sha256:2860e9c21cf1c0a8aa86c80c7013c621df29fd8c41d45624fff4acdbd95ad382`
`resolved.jsonl`	747 bytes	`sha256:9828e89b129b3be509a9465698d6caa813bd801b415170224292278563b7d41b`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:72e3e8708917a0f897f4466d0a7872da3178a16a6c93c721f2876cd84defa5b4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	7722 bytes	`sha256:51ca84a2cd85b1520fc1a734b0c9ab7edb987736086028c69abd019f0cdb63b3`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:c3cbfad3539faadabac5d7f6128e36d75d4668c9c10117f245caaeb848249b6a`
`source-set.jsonl`	935 bytes	`sha256:02ed379005b32ab40416fff78b46ccdbe54e891e1795c75253299e04472eaac5`
`sources/000000.tpz`	6 bytes	`sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807`
`tokens.jsonl`	2841 bytes	`sha256:97356c5c773c4714a3cc87d90cd6cf7f77729855cac2c7543b5448f0db4d38fd`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2304 bytes	`sha256:245f50ad3bbf0197a8e2a92838c007a78303057e316a6016cab110a40b04ae84`
`typed.jsonl`	1238 bytes	`sha256:e57b1d4e30111eef8639b7cf460c35280dd91ddebf4c6bae3bc671d9c3f3fb7e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:bfeb4b4d1e491242f6c8606ff62e42298ea0d13f7df451d3f6707ddbdb12a506

`1 + 2 * 3` token record `tokens.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

The lines appear in the order Topaz wrote them in the file.

{"kind":"integer","ordinal":0,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"1","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"plus","ordinal":1,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":3,"lo":2,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"+","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":2,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"2","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"star","ordinal":3,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":7,"lo":6,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"*","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":4,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":9,"lo":8,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"3","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"newline","ordinal":5,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":10,"lo":9,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"\n","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"eof","ordinal":6,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":10,"lo":10,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":0,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"1","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"plus","ordinal":1,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":3,"lo":2,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"+","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":2,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"2","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"star","ordinal":3,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":7,"lo":6,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"*","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":4,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":9,"lo":8,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"3","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"eof","ordinal":5,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":10,"lo":10,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}

tokens.jsonl 4110 bytes sha256:b9baaa0fba5b5e6df960627284d174a33c2651a1740bace189f3b46bd7f25953

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w3/main.tpz --out-dir out/w3 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1

Observation details

Input name: w3
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 20 2a 20 33 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.tokens/v1

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	3288 bytes	`sha256:9a7c4b7d6189ef10560f211fec2dad9a3bb5437598beac86aa2217fcfa70ee47`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	4466 bytes	`sha256:1159c174cf94ad280cbf8a823ec74767e29c3624afa0ff9edbf53b05a8f34eba`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1156 bytes	`sha256:ae361d2ae0bb215014450dd296203ba2de06b552cf3e76cb8ccaf0c18253b26f`
`resolved.jsonl`	748 bytes	`sha256:dc1436b30f79bf7f2f8342cfb2c892b0542e1998f09720cadef8b743000ce2cc`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:1440edb4389b802f2cb2f966e80647e52fb3135b62e2aee21c0013bc3748f0f4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	10287 bytes	`sha256:6910e188573d6837c47d0f9dbbdb02b70d4a8f06334c0dbde7997aab7d4cbe6f`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:891a8be1f7257ef9975d8e0aef8d50cde243f77467ec2963a06c3fef111bd387`
`source-set.jsonl`	937 bytes	`sha256:c8a7ab1c4685022be2ce82fca21540149f7826f23e4390c053eeeded317511ed`
`sources/000000.tpz`	10 bytes	`sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1`
`tokens.jsonl`	4110 bytes	`sha256:b9baaa0fba5b5e6df960627284d174a33c2651a1740bace189f3b46bd7f25953`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2306 bytes	`sha256:52ebc7b3172f0ab19c4ae0111edecb1787c44edb08d2b0bf0f7b22e2bdd9217c`
`typed.jsonl`	2060 bytes	`sha256:c4b0af2d43aa0cb381ef49acca1b6eaf5d8681e251c23c96c576c34fedccb42e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:c4824db06dd2bcc366173cfe66ffb7756c48a8667aded16080a842f414082f7c

`1 + 2 * 3` tree record `ast.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

The lines appear in the order Topaz wrote them in the file.

{"field":"root","index":0,"kind":"program","nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000000","parentNodeId":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":10,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":""}
{"field":"items","index":0,"kind":"statement/expression","nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000001","parentNodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000000","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":9,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":""}
{"field":"value","index":0,"kind":"expression/binary","nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000002","operator":"add","parentNodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000001","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":9,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":""}
{"field":"left","index":0,"kind":"expression/integer","nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000003","parentNodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000002","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"1","valueDecimal":"1"}
{"field":"right","index":0,"kind":"expression/binary","nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000004","operator":"multiply","parentNodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000002","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":9,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":""}
{"field":"left","index":0,"kind":"expression/integer","nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000005","parentNodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000004","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"2","valueDecimal":"2"}
{"field":"right","index":0,"kind":"expression/integer","nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000006","parentNodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000004","schema":"topaz.compiler.ast/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":9,"lo":8,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"spelling":"3","valueDecimal":"3"}

ast.jsonl 3288 bytes sha256:9a7c4b7d6189ef10560f211fec2dad9a3bb5437598beac86aa2217fcfa70ee47

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w3/main.tpz --out-dir out/w3 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1

Observation details

Input name: w3
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 20 2a 20 33 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.ast/v1

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	3288 bytes	`sha256:9a7c4b7d6189ef10560f211fec2dad9a3bb5437598beac86aa2217fcfa70ee47`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	4466 bytes	`sha256:1159c174cf94ad280cbf8a823ec74767e29c3624afa0ff9edbf53b05a8f34eba`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1156 bytes	`sha256:ae361d2ae0bb215014450dd296203ba2de06b552cf3e76cb8ccaf0c18253b26f`
`resolved.jsonl`	748 bytes	`sha256:dc1436b30f79bf7f2f8342cfb2c892b0542e1998f09720cadef8b743000ce2cc`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:1440edb4389b802f2cb2f966e80647e52fb3135b62e2aee21c0013bc3748f0f4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	10287 bytes	`sha256:6910e188573d6837c47d0f9dbbdb02b70d4a8f06334c0dbde7997aab7d4cbe6f`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:891a8be1f7257ef9975d8e0aef8d50cde243f77467ec2963a06c3fef111bd387`
`source-set.jsonl`	937 bytes	`sha256:c8a7ab1c4685022be2ce82fca21540149f7826f23e4390c053eeeded317511ed`
`sources/000000.tpz`	10 bytes	`sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1`
`tokens.jsonl`	4110 bytes	`sha256:b9baaa0fba5b5e6df960627284d174a33c2651a1740bace189f3b46bd7f25953`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2306 bytes	`sha256:52ebc7b3172f0ab19c4ae0111edecb1787c44edb08d2b0bf0f7b22e2bdd9217c`
`typed.jsonl`	2060 bytes	`sha256:c4b0af2d43aa0cb381ef49acca1b6eaf5d8681e251c23c96c576c34fedccb42e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:c4824db06dd2bcc366173cfe66ffb7756c48a8667aded16080a842f414082f7c

`1 + 2 * 3` type record `typed.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

The lines appear in the order Topaz wrote them in the file.

{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000003","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"type":{"kind":"literal","name":"int","value":"1"}}
{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000001","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":9,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"type":{"kind":"primitive","name":"int"}}
{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000005","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"type":{"kind":"literal","name":"int","value":"2"}}
{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000004","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":9,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"type":{"kind":"primitive","name":"int"}}
{"ambient":false,"nodeId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139#n00000006","nodeKind":"expression","rowKind":"node","schema":"topaz.compiler.typed/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139","span":{"hi":9,"lo":8,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"},"type":{"kind":"literal","name":"int","value":"3"}}

typed.jsonl 2060 bytes sha256:c4b0af2d43aa0cb381ef49acca1b6eaf5d8681e251c23c96c576c34fedccb42e

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w3/main.tpz --out-dir out/w3 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1

Observation details

Input name: w3
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 20 2a 20 33 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.typed/v1

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	3288 bytes	`sha256:9a7c4b7d6189ef10560f211fec2dad9a3bb5437598beac86aa2217fcfa70ee47`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	4466 bytes	`sha256:1159c174cf94ad280cbf8a823ec74767e29c3624afa0ff9edbf53b05a8f34eba`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1156 bytes	`sha256:ae361d2ae0bb215014450dd296203ba2de06b552cf3e76cb8ccaf0c18253b26f`
`resolved.jsonl`	748 bytes	`sha256:dc1436b30f79bf7f2f8342cfb2c892b0542e1998f09720cadef8b743000ce2cc`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:1440edb4389b802f2cb2f966e80647e52fb3135b62e2aee21c0013bc3748f0f4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	10287 bytes	`sha256:6910e188573d6837c47d0f9dbbdb02b70d4a8f06334c0dbde7997aab7d4cbe6f`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:891a8be1f7257ef9975d8e0aef8d50cde243f77467ec2963a06c3fef111bd387`
`source-set.jsonl`	937 bytes	`sha256:c8a7ab1c4685022be2ce82fca21540149f7826f23e4390c053eeeded317511ed`
`sources/000000.tpz`	10 bytes	`sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1`
`tokens.jsonl`	4110 bytes	`sha256:b9baaa0fba5b5e6df960627284d174a33c2651a1740bace189f3b46bd7f25953`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2306 bytes	`sha256:52ebc7b3172f0ab19c4ae0111edecb1787c44edb08d2b0bf0f7b22e2bdd9217c`
`typed.jsonl`	2060 bytes	`sha256:c4b0af2d43aa0cb381ef49acca1b6eaf5d8681e251c23c96c576c34fedccb42e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:c4824db06dd2bcc366173cfe66ffb7756c48a8667aded16080a842f414082f7c

`1 + 2 * 3` operation record `lowered.jsonl`

We recorded this example for Episode 4.

These 10 lines appear in file order. 7 describe operations. The other 3 describe the module, a runtime part it needs and the runtime template.

{"entry":true,"extern":false,"identity":"main","initializationOrdinal":0,"operationIds":["op:main:0:0:10:ModuleInitialization:module","op:main:0:0:9:Statement:expression-statement","op:main:0:0:9:Expression:binary","op:main:0:0:1:Expression:integer","op:main:0:4:9:Expression:binary","op:main:0:4:5:Expression:integer","op:main:0:8:9:Expression:integer"],"path":"inputs/w3/main.tpz","rowKind":"module","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}The module
{"deterministic":true,"identity":"binary","rowKind":"runtime-leaf","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1"}A runtime part it needs
{"identity":"stage1-ir-table/v1","rowKind":"runtime-template","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","sha256":"sha256:79b4af8e5544a04eb021fe093dda38ed15b655e8dc56faef151807a8cb925d74"}The runtime template
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":null,"kind":"module","module":"main","operands":["op:main:0:0:9:Statement:expression-statement"],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:10:ModuleInitialization:module","parentOperationId":null,"representation":null,"role":"module-initialization","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":10,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}}Operation 1 · Getting the program ready
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":null,"expressionKind":"block"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":["op:main:0:0:9:Expression:binary"],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:9:Statement:expression-statement","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:10:ModuleInitialization:module","representation":"i64","role":"statement","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":9,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}}Operation 2 · The statement holding the expression
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"add","expressionKind":"binary"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":["op:main:0:0:1:Expression:integer","op:main:0:4:9:Expression:binary"],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:9:Expression:binary","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:9:Statement:expression-statement","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":"binary","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":9,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}}Operation 3 · An operation on two values
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"1","expressionKind":"integer"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":[],"operationId":"op:main:0:0:1:Expression:integer","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:9:Expression:binary","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}}Operation 4 · A whole number
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"multiply","expressionKind":"binary"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":["op:main:0:4:5:Expression:integer","op:main:0:8:9:Expression:integer"],"operationId":"op:main:0:4:9:Expression:binary","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:0:9:Expression:binary","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":"binary","schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":9,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}}Operation 5 · An operation on two values
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"2","expressionKind":"integer"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":[],"operationId":"op:main:0:4:5:Expression:integer","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:4:9:Expression:binary","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":5,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}}Operation 6 · A whole number
{"binding":null,"call":null,"control":null,"detail":{"detail":"3","expressionKind":"integer"},"kind":"expression","module":"main","operands":[],"operationId":"op:main:0:8:9:Expression:integer","parentOperationId":"op:main:0:4:9:Expression:binary","representation":"i64","role":"expression","rowKind":"operation","runtimeLeaf":null,"schema":"topaz.compiler.lowered/v1","semanticType":null,"span":{"hi":9,"lo":8,"sourceId":"s:d2e29de08dd3e422f618090b82bff6eaf49af5c4625b06279035b7c3597f6139"}}Operation 7 · A whole number

lowered.jsonl 4466 bytes sha256:1159c174cf94ad280cbf8a823ec74767e29c3624afa0ff9edbf53b05a8f34eba

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w3/main.tpz --out-dir out/w3 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1

Observation details

Input name: w3
Observation commit: 96aa9d8
Input bytes: 31 20 2b 20 32 20 2a 20 33 0a
Record schema: topaz.compiler.lowered/v1
Runtime template: stage1-ir-table/v1
IR schema: topaz.compiler.stage1-ir/v5 compiler.irSchema

Show the 14 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	3288 bytes	`sha256:9a7c4b7d6189ef10560f211fec2dad9a3bb5437598beac86aa2217fcfa70ee47`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`lowered.jsonl`	4466 bytes	`sha256:1159c174cf94ad280cbf8a823ec74767e29c3624afa0ff9edbf53b05a8f34eba`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1156 bytes	`sha256:ae361d2ae0bb215014450dd296203ba2de06b552cf3e76cb8ccaf0c18253b26f`
`resolved.jsonl`	748 bytes	`sha256:dc1436b30f79bf7f2f8342cfb2c892b0542e1998f09720cadef8b743000ce2cc`
`response.json`	1020 bytes	`sha256:1440edb4389b802f2cb2f966e80647e52fb3135b62e2aee21c0013bc3748f0f4`
`rust-source.jsonl`For this file, you can see its name, size and hash.	10287 bytes	`sha256:6910e188573d6837c47d0f9dbbdb02b70d4a8f06334c0dbde7997aab7d4cbe6f`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:891a8be1f7257ef9975d8e0aef8d50cde243f77467ec2963a06c3fef111bd387`
`source-set.jsonl`	937 bytes	`sha256:c8a7ab1c4685022be2ce82fca21540149f7826f23e4390c053eeeded317511ed`
`sources/000000.tpz`	10 bytes	`sha256:3553c468c86fade22a00dab4c3970537a6d2e1588fa7514a01b860de9a151ba1`
`tokens.jsonl`	4110 bytes	`sha256:b9baaa0fba5b5e6df960627284d174a33c2651a1740bace189f3b46bd7f25953`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	2306 bytes	`sha256:52ebc7b3172f0ab19c4ae0111edecb1787c44edb08d2b0bf0f7b22e2bdd9217c`
`typed.jsonl`	2060 bytes	`sha256:c4b0af2d43aa0cb381ef49acca1b6eaf5d8681e251c23c96c576c34fedccb42e`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:c4824db06dd2bcc366173cfe66ffb7756c48a8667aded16080a842f414082f7c

`1 + 2` provenance record `provenance.json`

This provenance file was kept with the bundle we recorded for Episode 4. Episode 6 opens it.

The one raw line

Topaz wrote this file as one line. The table below copies chosen fields from that line so they are easier to read.

{"compiler":{"emitterExecutableSha256":"sha256:bc2077c5467fba81210f641dd4c19c2d01db5a8f4def9bf6d32a81e11a378c2c","emitterToolchain":"rustc 1.96.0 (ac68faa20 2026-05-25)\nbinary: rustc\ncommit-hash: ac68faa20c58cbccd01ee7208bf3b6e93a7d7f96\ncommit-date: 2026-05-25\nhost: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\nrelease: 1.96.0\nLLVM version: 22.1.2\n","exchangeSchema":"topaz.compiler.stage1-exchange/v2","executionKind":"native","generatedRustSha256":"sha256:5f32cee07a1adea1c67ba8ac8fbd4f3ee4051f019a7856fcdb228740a1d4b8b1","irSchema":"topaz.compiler.stage1-ir/v5","linkToolchain":"rustc 1.96.0 (ac68faa20 2026-05-25)\nbinary: rustc\ncommit-hash: ac68faa20c58cbccd01ee7208bf3b6e93a7d7f96\ncommit-date: 2026-05-25\nhost: aarch64-apple-darwin\nrelease: 1.96.0\nLLVM version: 22.1.2\n","nativeLinkId":"sha256:9096b16d2fc482609ba5bf3e89a0373f7711075bc56350e03d06e6ce1f9b0c5d","producer":"topaz-native-k","producerStage":1,"runtimeSourceSetId":"sha256:85ed8d3b0571c34bc40c3ffd1be8bcda2a539d6c82c92b417c834507200d9c60","sourceSetId":"sha256:17d598ebcb0dea65195aba8c0b3ab20f94003a7f343714f7b1df25d790cdacd5","target":"aarch64-apple-darwin"},"defaultEngine":"self","engine":"topaz-native-k","generatedSourceFixedPoint":"established","languageMode":"topaz-5.21","nativeBinaryReproducibility":"not-run","productVersion":"5.21.1","schema":"topaz.compiler.bootstrap-provenance/v2","semanticFixedPoint":"not-established"}

Fields to read by
Field	Value in the record	What it means
`engine`	`topaz-native-k`	The name of the compiler implementation that produced the result.
`compiler.producer`	`topaz-native-k`	The identifier of the producer that made this observation. Here it matches engine.
`compiler.producerStage`	`1`	The stage number written for the producer that made this record.
`defaultEngine`	`self`	This release's default choice. The Episode 4 command did say --compiler self.
`generatedSourceFixedPoint`	`established`	Whether successive self-compilation stages produced identical generated Rust bytes.
`semanticFixedPoint`	`not-established`	Whether a semantic fixed point was established for the compiler's intermediate records.
`nativeBinaryReproducibility`	`not-run`	The comparison of executable bytes.
`schema`	`topaz.compiler.bootstrap-provenance/v2`	The name of the format of this provenance record.
`languageMode`	`topaz-5.21`	The Topaz language mode recorded for this observation.

The first line of compiler.linkToolchain is rustc 1.96.0 (ac68faa20 2026-05-25). It records the tools used to link this compiler.

provenance.json 1395 bytes sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

The nine fields we compared had the same values in 5.21.0 and 5.21.1.

The two provenance files differed at the byte level.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1 topaz-lang@5.21.1
Compiler that made it: topaz-native-k compiler.producer
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/w1/main.tpz --out-dir out/w1 --compiler self --terminal rust-source
Input hash: sha256:cb898749d76e51fdaf6c6636920ccdb4f415fc1cffd1e2497636b38cc2469807

`1 line break 2 line break` token record `tokens.jsonl`

Observed for Episode 7. Topaz wrote both token streams into one file.

The lines are in the order Topaz wrote them. The first 5 are the raw stream, the last 4 the layout stream.

{"kind":"integer","ordinal":0,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"1","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"newline","ordinal":1,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":2,"lo":1,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"\n","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":2,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":3,"lo":2,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"2","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"newline","ordinal":3,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":4,"lo":3,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"\n","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"eof","ordinal":4,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":4,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"","stream":"raw","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":0,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":1,"lo":0,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"1","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"separator","ordinal":1,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":2,"lo":1,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"\n","stream":"layout","synthetic":true}
{"kind":"integer","ordinal":2,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":3,"lo":2,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"2","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}
{"kind":"eof","ordinal":3,"schema":"topaz.compiler.tokens/v1","sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db","sourceOrdinal":0,"span":{"hi":4,"lo":4,"sourceId":"s:3c3875b9785d34f36fee02fd46e5641728b8c62d830a742987676ae1f36613db"},"spelling":"","stream":"layout","synthetic":false}

Reading table · raw stream
Kind	Range	Spelling	synthetic
`integer`	`[0,1)`	`1`	`false`
`newline`	`[1,2)`	line break	`false`
`integer`	`[2,3)`	`2`	`false`
`newline`	`[3,4)`	line break	`false`
`eof`	`[4,4)`	empty	`false`

Reading table · layout stream
Kind	Range	Spelling	synthetic
`integer`	`[0,1)`	`1`	`false`
`separator`	`[1,2)`	line break	`true`
`integer`	`[2,3)`	`2`	`false`
`eof`	`[4,4)`	empty	`false`

tokens.jsonl 2850 bytes sha256:43cd60a7914df8d34f46883a2385806fa85946974fea712a16f0f53ff10b8cb6

Open this file exactly as it was written, opens in a new tab

Compared Topaz compiler versions 5.21.0 and 5.21.1

This file had the same bytes in both versions.

Version: Topaz compiler 5.21.1
Command: topaz compiler observe inputs/g3/main.tpz --out-dir out/g3 --compiler self --terminal typed
Input hash: sha256:a6e2b7a040683432de03a18fd8a1939a2fdf82585b364bfc874bdd4095c4cae1

Show the 12 files of the bundle

File	Size	Hash
`ast.jsonl`	2298 bytes	`sha256:fac5660d4e5f64f3b62aa30068b0bd1d65b425a4eaa7121f48c569dab67553ce`
`diagnostics.jsonl`	0 bytes	`sha256:e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855`
`provenance.json`	1395 bytes	`sha256:10d510756a6d523979c5e891b955a573183f83bd9c20d29994d36546b3bd2a05`
`request.json`	1149 bytes	`sha256:b06d9bfe643b31e918867d659086976f6e567eaf318b9d07eb4a8fbe1fb34828`
`resolved.jsonl`	747 bytes	`sha256:a70eedc9358ba6f5a79ff14eff80ba28cf494f515574340e777571b045a980b2`
`response.json`	886 bytes	`sha256:2865f4277db0678a9cf0a5714c3c25a805d4dfc27257641f2a5bbe25db3febb8`
`self-compilation-product.json`	2418 bytes	`sha256:ca964aa7ed946498a82586b524c0dac6b2875cebc4fe65f7c647aac350595559`
`source-set.jsonl`	935 bytes	`sha256:3f2cf1b400430606f9bfef21a37a4d29a238367a2180292bcc77fd958220ce77`
`sources/000000.tpz`	4 bytes	`sha256:a6e2b7a040683432de03a18fd8a1939a2fdf82585b364bfc874bdd4095c4cae1`
`tokens.jsonl`	2850 bytes	`sha256:43cd60a7914df8d34f46883a2385806fa85946974fea712a16f0f53ff10b8cb6`
`topaz-observation.json`The listing file's own size and hash come from its bytes.	1968 bytes	`sha256:84ddd0dfde5f6aa59b32f820afcf4e88083cefc9704455e3ca7b8e4f5b03f14e`
`typed.jsonl`	832 bytes	`sha256:288681c0208c6be1b61c690c1834bf12d0bb94630842111506067ec807bcbf74`

Bundle rootDigest sha256:8df091d5ba0f4308a50440d916cec45147241581f531c5c2ae7b65720306520f

Read this record in Episode 7

Lab

Token Splitter

What we found

Grammar Puzzle

What we found

Inside Story Microscope

`1 + 2` token record `tokens.jsonl`

`1 + 2` tree record `ast.jsonl`

`1 + 2` type record `typed.jsonl`

`1 + 2` operation record `lowered.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` token record `tokens.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` tree record `ast.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` type record `typed.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` operation record `lowered.jsonl`

`1 + 2` provenance record `provenance.json`

`1 line break 2 line break` token record `tokens.jsonl`

Token Splitter

What we found

Grammar Puzzle

What we found

Inside Story Microscope

1 + 2 token record tokens.jsonl

1 + 2 tree record ast.jsonl

1 + 2 type record typed.jsonl

1 + 2 operation record lowered.jsonl

1 + 2 * 3 token record tokens.jsonl

1 + 2 * 3 tree record ast.jsonl

1 + 2 * 3 type record typed.jsonl

1 + 2 * 3 operation record lowered.jsonl

1 + 2 provenance record provenance.json

1 line break 2 line break token record tokens.jsonl

`1 + 2` token record `tokens.jsonl`

`1 + 2` tree record `ast.jsonl`

`1 + 2` type record `typed.jsonl`

`1 + 2` operation record `lowered.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` token record `tokens.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` tree record `ast.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` type record `typed.jsonl`

`1 + 2 * 3` operation record `lowered.jsonl`

`1 + 2` provenance record `provenance.json`

`1 line break 2 line break` token record `tokens.jsonl`